Applications of radiomics for clinical management of medulloblastomas are expanding. This systematic review aims to aggregate and overview the current role of radiomics in the diagnosis, subtyping, and prognostication of medulloblastomas. The present systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE were searched using a standardized search term. Articles found within the database from the inception until November 2022 were considered for screening. Retrieved records were screened independently by two authors based on their titles and abstracts. The full text of selected articles was reviewed to finalize the eligibility. Due to the heterogeneity of included studies, no formal data synthesis was conducted. Of the 249 screened citations, 21 studies were included and analyzed. Radiomics demonstrated promising performance for discriminating medulloblastomas from other posterior fossa tumors, particularly ependymomas and pilocytic astrocytomas. It was also efficacious in determining the subtype (i.e., WNT+, SHH+, group 3, and group 4) of medulloblastomas non-invasively. Regarding prognostication, radiomics exhibited some ability to predict overall survival and progression-free survival of patients with medulloblastomas. Our systematic review revealed that radiomics represents a promising tool for diagnosis and prognostication of medulloblastomas. Further prospective research measuring the clinical value of radiomics in this setting is warranted.