Mamography

Mammography is a medical imaging technique that uses low-dose X-rays to capture images of breast tissue. It is primarily used for the early detection of breast cancer, evaluating abnormal changes in the breast, and examining lumps, cysts, and calcifications.

How Mammography Works:

1. The breast is compressed between two plates to reduce tissue thickness and obtain a clearer image.
2. X-rays pass through the breast and are captured by the detector, which records the image.
3. The images are digitally processed and provided to the doctor for further evaluation.

New Modalities in Mammography:

In recent years, mammography has been enhanced with technological advancements. These new modalities include:

1. Digital Mammography

• In this method, images are captured and stored digitally, allowing for more precise examination and better image quality.
• Main application: Early detection of breast cancer and more detailed evaluation of small masses.

2. 3D Mammography (Tomosynthesis)

• This method takes multiple images from different angles of the breast and reconstructs them in 3D.
• Main application: Increased accuracy in diagnosis and reduced need for repeat tests or unnecessary biopsies.

3. Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM)

• This method uses a contrast agent to obtain more detailed images of abnormal tissues.
• Main application: Better detection of hidden cancers or suspicious areas in the breast.

4. Low-Dose Mammography

• This new technology reduces the dose of X-rays, making it ideal for patients sensitive to radiation or those needing frequent imaging.
• Main application: Repeated screenings for individuals at high risk for breast cancer.

5. Spectral Mammography

• This technique uses different energy levels of X-rays to analyze the chemical composition of breast tissues.
• Main application: More accurate distinction between benign and malignant masses.
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Advantages and Modern Applications of Mammography:

Mammography remains one of the most important methods for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. Key benefits include:

• Early detection of breast cancer: Mammography can detect small cancers before they cause visible symptoms.
• High accuracy in evaluating breast tissues: It allows doctors to precisely examine small lumps and abnormal changes.
• Advanced technology: With new modalities, mammography provides greater accuracy and efficiency in detecting cancer and other breast conditions.